STUDY OF THE STATE OF LOCAL IMMUNITY OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES

  • M.A. Gavrilenko Zaporizhia state medical University
Keywords: children with disabilities, lysozyme, secretory Ig A, generalized periodontitis.

Abstract

The state of local immunity of the oral cavity in children with disabilities aged 12 to 18 years who had inflammation of the periodontal disease of varying severity. Determined the activity concentrations of lysozyme and secretory Ig A in oral fluid. Lysozyme activity in the oral fluid is opposite depending on the severity of inflammation in periodontal tissues, the concentration of secretory Ig A is inversely proportional to the severity of generalized periodontitis in this category of patients.

The problem of generalized periodontitis, which occurs in children with disabilities are among the most pressing in modern dentistry. Itself this disease contributes to premature removal of teeth in children. Poor oral hygiene, presence of parodontopathogenic microflora is the trigger for the development of chronic generalized inflammation in periodontal tissues in children with disabilities. Toxins of microorganisms initiate a cascade of biochemical processes that destroy periodontal tissues, cause inflammation and monogamy generalized process, a sharp deterioration in the severity of inflammatory diseases.

Therefore, for effective treatment and prevention of periodontal diseases it is important to determine the state of local immunity of the oral cavity in children with disabilities.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the state of local immunity in children with disabilities aged 12 to 18 years suffering from generalized periodontitis of varying severity.

The object of study: estimulan oral fluid (mixed saliva), which was collected in the morning on an empty stomach by splavovanie in a sterile tube. Further oral fluid in tubes, centrifuged, and used the supernatant. The samples were stored at a temperature of 18With, used for biochemical analysis after thawing.

The criteria for the assessment of local immunity of the oral cavity of children with disabilities were factors of the immune system – lysozyme, secretory SIg A and their ratio.

The results obtained were processed statistically with Studentam Fischer.

As a result of clinical examination of 54 children with disabilities aged 12 to 18 years, which was planned sanitation of the oral cavity in KU "Zaporozhye regional children's clinical hospital under General anesthesia were identified diseases of periodontal tissues in 42 children (generalized periodontitis I degree of severity – 16 children, II severity – 14 children, III severity – 12 children and 12 children with healthy periodontium.

Children were divided into groups. Children with disabilities aged 12 to 18 years with a history of generalized periodontitis I degree of severity were in the control group №1, children with the disease generalized periodontitis II degree of severity and control group No. 2, children with III degree of severity of generalized periodontitis and control group No. 3. 12 children with disabilities aged 12 to 18 years, had a healthy periodontium formed the comparison group.

The study results of oral fluid indicate a fairly high level of lysozyme in children of the comparison group, with intact periodontium. Variations of lysozyme in 6 months in this group and 12 months after sanation of oral cavity minor.

The results of studies of secretory Ig A show that in children of the control group, the concentration of A SIg is inversely proportional to the severity generalsaving periodontitis.

After rehabilitation of the oral cavity children underwent professional hygienic cleaning of the mouth 1 time per month, assigned therapeutic and prophylactic anti-inflammatory toothpaste and standard Protocol scheme local anti-inflammatory treatment. The treatment resulted in clinical improvement, but the quantity of lysozyme and secretory Ig A in oral fluid was improved only after 6 months in the three control groups and decreased again at 12 months.

Conclusions: lysozyme Activity in saliva of children with disabilities aged 12 to 18 years with generalized periodontitis disease of various degrees of gravity is in the opposite direction depending on the severity of inflammation in periodontal tissues.

Assessment of the level of lysozyme and secretory Ig A in oral fluid is a diagnostic indicator of generalized periodontitis and the quality of his treatment.

Thus, we conducted the assessment of the state of local immunity of the oral fluid of children with special needs aged 12 to 18 years suffering from generalized periodontitis demonstrates the need for serious immunological support in the treatment of periodontal disease in this group of patients.

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Published
2018-03-21
How to Cite
Gavrilenko, M. (2018). STUDY OF THE STATE OF LOCAL IMMUNITY OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES. Ukrainian Dental Almanac, (3), 47-50. Retrieved from https://dental-almanac.org/index.php/journal/article/view/43
Section
CHILDHOOD STOMATOLOGY