FIRST MOLARS MISSING AS ' OCCLUSION KEY ' IN ADOLESCENTS 13-17-YEARS-OLD

  • G.B. Маrtinek Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
  • А.-S.А. Кrupnyk Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
  • V.G. Martinek Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
Keywords: adults , missing of first permanent molars and

Abstract

The aim - to determine the characteristics of the first molars missing in adolescents 13-17 years depending on the age , sex and accessories for the upper and lower jaws . On the basis of the studies a significant missing of permanent teeth which ranges from 1.3 to 2.0 teeth per person in teenagers of 13 - 17 years old was found, which can lead the secondary dentoalveolar deformities and violation the physiological processes.

This is especially concern the young people who have missing first molars, which are the potential patients who subsequently have both morphological and functional dentoalveolar changes . Revealed that each of examined patient had missing one, two, three and even four first molars at their age period.

Two missing first permanent molars have 42.27 % patients in 17 years old and the number of patients, who have missing three and four teeth is 19.59 % ( 11.86 % - three missing teeth and 7.73 % - four missing permanent molars ).

The missing of one first molar mainly accounted in young adults in 13 , 14 and 15 years old and total is 82.4% (31.1 % - 13 years old, 27.05 – in 14 years and 24.3 % - in 15 years ). The missing of two permanent molars mainly accounted the age of 15, 16 and 17 years old and total is 68.3% (25.6 % - in 15 years , 18.3 % - in 16 years old adults and 24.4 % - in 17 years). The missing of three first permanent molars appears mostly in the 13 years old ( 21.7 %), in 15 years old adults in 39.9 % cases and in 17 years ( 21.7 %). Missing of four permanent molars mostly was diagnosed in the 15 years old patients ( 33.3 %).

The age of the 13 and 15 years old is the most critically periods in which were diagnosed the missing of first permanent molars in 13 years old - 24.2 % of adolescents and 15 years old - 27.3 % . The missing at least one firs molar, and especially four molars, which are the " occlusion key " and are responsible for the maintenance of bite height during the formation of permanent occlusion is severe disorders that can lead the significant of morphological and functional abnormalities of dentoalveolar complex.

A combination of two missing permanent molars on the lower jaw + one missing tooth on the upper jaw was the most common case. Such diagnose was set in 19 patients (50.0 %). Missing of all first molars was found in 39.5 % patients. Among those who have missing all first molars 4 times dominated men compared to women . We have isolated a group with only one missing first molar on one of the jaws amount of which was 149 adolescents who were divided into experimental groups.

Was found that if in 13 - 14 years old adults missing of one of the first molar is from 60.0 % to 83.3 % of the total defects of the mandible, then in 15-16 years old adults is 33 3 %, and in 17 years old patients - a total is 18.7 %. Roughly similar case , but less pronounced , was diagnosed on the upper jaw. In 13-15 years, the loss of one of the first molar of all defects ranged from 86.6 % to 100% with a gradual decrease to 44.4 % at 16 years and 66.6 % at 17 years.

In 13-15 years old adults, the missing of one of the first molar ranged from 86.6 % to 100 % in structure of all dentition defects with a gradual decrease to 44.4 % at 16 years old and 66.6 % at 17 years. The total number of dentition defects increase according to the age increase, but the number of adults with one missing first molar decrease .

For functional determine of the permanent dentition in the process of occlusive relationships, bite height and its maintenance , as well as for further physiological eruption of permanent teeth is very important to establish the correct balance between the first molars of the upper and lower jaws , which provides a " occlusion key " .

Revealed that the pair missing of the first molars (upper + lower jaws) on the right side was observed in 52 adolescents ( 34.9 % ). Thus, in the 13-17 years at least one-third of young people lost " occlusion key " on one side of the jaw.

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Published
2018-03-21
How to Cite
МаrtinekG., КrupnykА.-S., & Martinek, V. (2018). FIRST MOLARS MISSING AS ’ OCCLUSION KEY ’ IN ADOLESCENTS 13-17-YEARS-OLD. Ukrainian Dental Almanac, (1), 57-61. Retrieved from https://dental-almanac.org/index.php/journal/article/view/12
Section
ORTHODONTICS