IMMEDIATE IMPLANTATION INTO INFECTED ALVEOLAR SOCKET AFTER TOOTH EXTRACTION

  • S.A. Chertov Zaporozhye State Medical University
Keywords: immediate implantation, infection of the alveolar socket, generalized periodontitis, periodontitis, dental implant.

Abstract

At the present stage of implantology development the method of immediate implantation became especially actual thanks to minimal tissue trauma and shortening of patient rehabilitation time.

However, little researches are carried out on the problems of immediate implantation of teeth into infected alveolar sockets containing multiple parodontal pathogenic micro organisms in alveolar bone defects.

The objective of this study is to improve the efficiency of patients rehabilitation with intraosseous implants in the course of immediate implantation under condition of persistent infection in the alveolar bone, inflammatory process of a single tooth (periodontitis) and generalized periodontitis of severe degree.

Materials and methods of study

This research includes the clinical observations of 212 patients from 2007 to 2014. During this period 721 implants of ImpLife system (INPRIDE, Ukraine) were placed using method of immediate implantation.

All the patients were divided into two groups. The first group comprised 116 patients for evaluation of implants immediate placement into extraction site after granulating periodontitis and granulomatous periodontitis.

The second group comprised 96 patients having generalized periodontitis of severe degree.

The degree of implants integration and condition of alveolar bone was evaluated using radiological data (orthopantomograms and computed tomography). The degree of implants stability was assessed using Periotest (Siemens) equipment in different periods after implantation. Patient's subjective evaluation of the implant condition (comfort or discomfort) was taken into consideration.

Results and their discussion

One-stage implantation procedure was applied in 144 patients (68%): 162 implants were placed in the first group (42%), and 328 implants (58%) were placed in the second group (it is 45,5% of total number of implants).

Two-stage implantation procedure was applied in 68 patients and 231 implants were placed. Two-stage procedure of implantation was applied for the first group of 52 patients and 163 implants were placed (22.6% of total number of implants); 68 implants were placed in the second group of 16 patients (9.4% of total number).

The treatment of 179 patients was accomplished in accordance with the treatment plan. The plan of prosthetic rehabilitation was partially changed for 33 patients (15,6%) due to failure of implant integration after surgery. Additional surgery (reimplantation) was applied for 28 patients and it was successful for 26 patients. And the treatment plan was completely changed for 5 patients due to their refuse of additional surgery.

Out of 721 dental implants - 12 implants (1.66%) were extracted due to inflammatory complications; 36 ( 4,99%) of implants were extracted due to pure integration at the moment of prosthetic work. The failure rate for immediate implantation was 6.65% out of 48 of extracted implants. In 5 cases (8implants) reimplantation procedure was not applied due to refuse of patients of recurrent surgery. And 40 of extracted implants were replaced after 1 or 2 months and reimplantation was successful in 92.55 of cases.

In the first observation group 29 out of 325 implants were lost out by the time of permanent prosthodontics and 21 of them were placed according to one-stage procedure and 11 of them – according to two-stage procedure.

Successful implantation was achieved in 91% of cases.

In the second observation group 19 of 396 implants were lost before permanent prosthodontics (all the implants were placed according to one-stage procedure). The successful result was obtained in 95.2% of cases.

591(82%) of total number of implants were placed into fresh sockets of single-rooted teeth. Failed implantation was in 25 cases. 95.78% of implantations were successful. The rest 130 (18%) of implants were placed into fresh sockets of molars of maxilla and mandible. The successful rate was 82, 3%. Among 23 cases of failed implantations 20 implants were placed into molar sockets of maxilla.

Thereby the success of immediate implantation into infected sockets rated to 93.34% that significantly differs from generally accepted criteria for successful implantation under the standard conditions.

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Published
2018-03-21
How to Cite
Chertov, S. (2018). IMMEDIATE IMPLANTATION INTO INFECTED ALVEOLAR SOCKET AFTER TOOTH EXTRACTION. Ukrainian Dental Almanac, 2(1), 54-59. Retrieved from https://dental-almanac.org/index.php/journal/article/view/139
Section
SURGICAL DENTISTRY